A First Principle Calculations of Structural, Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Mn Doped ZnS First Principle Calculations of Structural
Main Article Content
Abstract
In the present research work, a TBmBJ Exchange-Correlation Functional has been utilized to compute the spin polarized density functional theory. Various properties like structural, electronic as well as magnetic have been computed of Zn1 – x MnxS (x= 50%, 25%, 12.5% and 6.25%). The present computed values of bandgap using TBmBJ matched well with the experimental results. Due to strong p-d hybridization, ferromagnetic exchange interactions between Mn -3d atom states are studied via S atom and magnetic moments are measured of these atoms. The exchange splitting parameters N0α and N0β are analysed to verify the existence of ferromagnetism. Mn doped ZnS compositions display an n-semiconductor behavior. The d-states present at the edge-top of the valence band suggests that the studied materials are very good candidates to fabricate the magneto -optical devices.
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Pakistan Journal Emerging Science and Technologies (PJEST) in collaboration with Govt. Islamia Graduate College Civil Lines Lahore, Pakistan is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
A. Brandlmaier, S. Geprägs, G. Woltersdorf, R. Gross, and S. Goennenwein, “Nonvolatile, reversible electric-field controlled switching of remanent magnetization in multifunctional ferromagnetic/ferroelectric hybrids,” J. Appl. Phys., vol. 110, no. 4, p. 043913, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3624663
S. Aksu, E. Bacaksiz, M. Parlak, S. Yılmaz, I. Polat, M. Altunbaş, M. Türksoy, R. Topkaya, and K. Özdoğan, “Structural, optical and magnetic properties of Mn diffusion-doped CdS thin films prepared by vacuum evaporation,” Mater. Chem. Phys., vol. 130, no. 1–2, pp. 340–345, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.06.046
S. Pearton, C. Abernathy, M. Overberg, G. Thaler, D. Norton, N. Theodoropoulou, A. Hebard, Y. Park, F. Ren, and J. Kim, “Wide band gap ferromagnetic semiconductors and oxides,” J. Appl. Phys., vol. 93, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1517164
K. Liu, J. Li, Y. Xu, H. Li, and W. Gao, “Investigation of ZnS films prepared with different solvents and zinc sources under different experimental conditions,” Results Phys., vol. 11, pp. 749–754, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2018.10.015
L. B. Chandrasekar, R. Chandramohan, R. Vijayalakshmi, and S. Chandrasekaran, “Preparation and characterization of Mn-doped ZnS nanoparticles,” Int. Nano Lett., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 71–75, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40089-015-0139-6
D. A. Debrah, Molecular Modeling of Dirhodium Complexes. Johnson City, TN, USA: East Tennessee State Univ., 2014. Available: https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2426/
J. Blinowski, P. Kacman, and J. Majewski, “Ferromagnetism in Cr-based diluted magnetic semiconductors,” J. Cryst. Growth, vol. 159, no. 1–4, pp. 972–975, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(95)00719-9
K. Liu, J. Li, Y. Xu, H. Li, and W. Gao, “Investigation of ZnS films prepared with different solvents and zinc sources under different experimental conditions,” Results Phys., vol. 11, pp. 749–754, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2018.10.015
D. Patidar, R. Sharma, N. Jain, T. Sharma, and N. Saxena, “Optical properties of CdS sintered film,” Bull. Mater. Sci., vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 21–24, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02709350
R. Sahraei and S. Darafarin, “Preparation of nanocrystalline Ni doped ZnS thin films by ammonia-free chemical bath deposition method and optical properties,” J. Lumin., vol. 149, pp. 170–175, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2014.01.040
R. Nouri, R. Belkacemi, M. Ziane, S. Ghemid, R. Chemam, and H. Meradji, “The reciprocal correlation between magnetic and structural, electronic, optical properties of DMS of Zn1–xSMnx,” Optik, vol. 168, pp. 901–912, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2018.05.021
Q. Mahmood, G. Murtaza, R. Ahmad, T. Hussain, and I. Will, “First principle study of vanadium doped ZnS: Structural, electronic, elastic, magnetic and optical properties using mBJ approximation,” Curr. Appl. Phys., vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 361–370, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2015.12.024
Y. Huang, Z. Zhang, F. Ma, P. K. Chu, C. Dong, and X. Wei, “First-principles calculation of the band structure, electronic states, and optical properties of Cr-doped ZnS double-wall nanotubes,” Comput. Mater. Sci., vol. 101, pp. 1–7, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2015.01.011
Q. Mahmood, S. Alay-e-Abbas, M. Hassan, and N. Noor, “First-principles evaluation of Co-doped ZnS and ZnSe ferromagnetic semiconductors,” J. Alloys Compd., vol. 688, pp. 899–907, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.07.302
M. El Amine Monir, H. Baltache, R. Khenata, G. Murtaza, R. Ahmed, W. K. Ahmed, and A. Bouhemadou, “Half-metallicity and optoelectronic properties of V-doped zincblende ZnS and CdS alloys,” Int. J. Mod. Phys. B, vol. 30, no. 8, p. 1650034, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.07.302
M. Amin, A. ul Haq, G. M. Mustifa, A. Afaq, S. M. Ramay, R. Sharma, and A. Hanif, “Cs2TlRhX6 (X = Cl, Br, I): promising halide double perovskites for efficient energy harvesting in photovoltaic and thermoelectric applications,” Phys. Scr., vol. 98, no. 12, p. 125983, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad0e9a
Ramay, S. M., ul Haq, A., Amin, M., Aslam, U., Mushtaq, T., Hanif, A., ... & Siddig, A. A. (2024). Computational study of narrow bandgap double halide perovskites Rb2TlRhX6 (X= Cl, Br, I) for energy harvesting applications. Physica Scripta, 99(12), 125965. https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad9098
A. Es-Smairi, N. Fazouan, and E. H. Atmani, “A DFT insight into magnetic, optoelectronic and thermoelectric properties of h-Zn1-xCuxS monolayer,” Comput. Theor. Chem., vol. 1228, p. 114286, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comptc.2023.114286
A. A. Othman, M. A. Osman, M. A. Ali, and E. M. M. Ibrahim, “Influence of transition metals dopant type on the structural, optical, magnetic, and dielectric properties of ZnS nanoparticles prepared by ultrasonication process,” Mater. Sci. Eng. B, vol. 270, p. 115195, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2021.115195
R. Nouri, R. Belkacemi, M. I. Ziane, S. Ghemid, R. Chemam, and H. Meradji, “The reciprocal correlation between magnetic and structural, electronic, optical properties of DMS of Zn1-xSMnx,” Optik, vol. 168, pp. 901–912, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2018.05.021
A. A. M’hid, G. Li, M. Boughrara, M. Kerouad, and Q. Wang, “Tuning the magnetic properties of doped ZnS using transition metal doping: A multi-scale computational approach,” Mater. Today Commun., vol. 38, p. 107825, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.107825
K. Schwarz, P. Blaha, and G. K. Madsen, “Electronic structure calculations of solids using the WIEN2k package for material sciences,” Comput. Phys. Commun., vol. 147, no. 1–2, pp. 71–76, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-4655(02)00206-0
J. Kaczkowski and A. Jezierski, “DFT+U Calculations of Transition Metal Doped AlN,” Acta Phys. Pol. A, vol. 116, no. 5, p. 924, 2009. https://doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.116.924
S. Nazir, N. Ikram, S. Siddiqi, Y. Saeed, A. Shaukat, and A. H. Reshak, “First principles density functional calculations of half-metallic ferromagnetism in Zn1-xCrxS and Cd1-xCrxS,” Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 1–6, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2009.08.001
S. F. Rabbani and I. S. Banu, “Half metallic ferromagnetism in (Mn, Cr) codoped ZnS dilute magnetic semiconductor: First principles calculations,” Comput. Mater. Sci., vol. 101, pp. 281–287, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2015.01.043
G. Murugadoss, “Luminescence properties of co-doped ZnS: Ni, Mn and ZnS: Cu, Cd nanoparticles,” J. Lumin., vol. 132, no. 8, pp. 2043–2048, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlumin.2012.02.011
B. Van Zeghbroeck, Principles of Semiconductor Devices. Boulder, CO, USA: Univ. Colorado, 2004. Available: https://truenano.com/PSD20/contents/table%20of%20contents.pdf
S. Nazir, “First principles density functional calculations of half-metallic ferromagnetism in Zn1-xCrxS and Cd1-xCrxS,” Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 1–6, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2009.08.001
M. Yaseen, H. Ambreen, A. Sufyan, M. K. Butt, S. U. Rehman, J. Iqbal, M. Shamsa Bibi, A. Murtaza, and S. M. Ramay, “Optical and magnetic properties of manganese doped zinc sulphide: density functional theory approach,” Ferroelectrics, vol. 557, no. 1, pp. 112–121, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1080/00150193.2020.1713356
H. Van Bui, D. Van Thai, T. Dai Nguyen, H. T. Tran, N. D. Nui, and N. M. Hung, “Mn-doped ZnS nanoparticle photoanodes: Synthesis, structural, optical, and photoelectrochemical characteristics,” Mater. Chem. Phys., vol. 307, p. 128081, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2023.128081